Internal-combustion engine



Feb. 12, 1929. 1,701,779

P. J. JORGENSEN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUSTI ON ENGINE Filed June 12, 1925 5Sheets-Sheet l N fzzvenzfons' 172667" J J57 6725872;

Feb. 12, 1929. 1,701,779

P. J. JORGENSEN ET AL INTERNAL COMBUST ION ENGINE Filed June 12, 1925 ssheets sheet 2 FWWK A=3 "1522/872250735 j 3 fezerffar 6785672 PatentedFeb. 12, 1929. I

UNITED STATES 1,701,779 PATENT OFFICE.

PETER J'. J'OBGENSEN AND CLARENCE H. JORGENSEN, O1 CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed June 12, 1925." Serial No. 86,588.

-This invention relates to a new and improved device for controlling therichness of the fuel mixture passing to the cylinders of an internalcombustion engine. The invention is particularly adapted for use inconnection with automobiles. When the en ine of an automobile is firststarted up the cy inders are cold, the temperature thereof dependingupon the length of time the engine has been idle. Under such conditions1t is desirable to start the engine with a rich mix ture and then tothin out the mixture after the engine has been in operation, the richmixture being unnecessary after the cylinders it become heated. One ofthe purposes of our invention is to provide means for doing this andmeans for automatically thinning out the mixture after the engine isstarted.

llhe invention has as another object to prevent the thinning of thelubricating oils for the engine pistons and cylinders when a rich fuelis used in starting.

The invention has other objects which are more particularly pointed outin the following? description.

.eferring now to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a view of one form of apparatus embodying the invention. 1 d

Fig. 2 is a side view of the indicating vice associated with the controlarm.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view partly in section of the control valveand associated parts.

Fig. 4. is a vertical sectional view taken on line H of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 3. Fig 6is a view taken on line of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken online 7-7 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a view of piston head of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the piston illustrated in Fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a view showing a modified construction. Fig. 10 is a viewshowing the valve controlling cylinders of Fig. 9 in section.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view showing a modified valve controllingcylinders.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures. I

Referring now to the drawings, we have illustrated in Fig. 1 an internalcombustion engine having a series. of cylinders 2 by means of which theengine shaft 3 is driven.

These cylinders are provided with the exhaust 4 and the intake manifold5. The carburetor 6 is connected with the pipe 7 leading to the enginecylinders. There is also connected with this pipe 7 an air intake pipe 8through which air is drawn by the engine cylinders and which mixes withthe fuel sup ply from the carburetor, the mixture passing through themanifold 5 to the engine cylinders. We prefer to heat this air in somesuitable manner. In the construction shown we apply a heater 9 whichsurrounds the exhaust pipe 4: and which is connected with the air pipe8, the air passing into the heater through the openings 10, being heatedby the exhaust pipe, then passing through the air pipe 8.

e provide a means for securing a rich mixture of fuel when the engine isstarted, and we provide an automatic means. for changing this richmixture when the engine is working properly so as to thin it out thedesired amount. When a rich fuel mixture is injected into the cylindersand pass down into the crank case, and dilute the lubricating oil. Ourinvention prevents this. We provide a means for controlling the ratiobetween the air and the gasoline, thereby controlling theratio of themixture. When it is desired to have a rich. mixture the ratio ofgasoline to air is increased and when it is desired to have a leanmixture this ratio is decreased. In the drawings we have shown thepreferred means of controlling this ratio. In thisconstruction the airpipe 8 (see Figs. 3 and 5) is provided with a valve 11 by means of whichthe air passing to the engine cylinders is controlled or regulated. Somemeans is provided for moving this valve to vary the amount of airpassing to the engine cylinders. We prefer to provide an arrangement bymeans of which th1s valve is moved by hand to restrict or decrease theamount of air passing to the engine cylinders andis then moved toincrease the amount of air independent of the operator, this being doneautomatically when-controlling handle is released. We have shown in thedrawings one construction for this purpose. In this construction thevalve 11 is pivoted at 12 at one side of the air pipe or passageway. Theend of this pivot projects out of the pipe and has connected therewith acontrolling arm 13. The arm 13 is provided with a projecting end 13which projects beyond the shaft, 12, (see Fig. 3). This projection hasconnected with it a part 13" which surrounds the pin 13 through the 7center of the spring 53. This pin is carried by a part 13' connectedwith the shaft 12.

When the valve 11 is opened, thespring 53 is compressed by the part 13sliding along the pin 13. This arm is connected with the link 14 whichin turn is connected with an arm 15 attached to the rotatable part orshaft 16. The shaft 16 is provided at one end with a toothed part 17(see Fig. 4) located in the casing 18, and which engages a rack 19attached to an inner sliding part 20 which reciprocates within thecasing 18. The reciprocating part 20 is provided with two valves 21, 22.The valve 21 controls an opening 23 in the valve chamber 24, and thevalve 22 controls an opening 25 in the valve chamber 26. A spring 27normally presses the valve 21 against its seat and a spring 28 normallypresses the valve 22 against its seat. Spring 29 resists the movement ofthe reciprocating part 20 and normally tends to hold it at one end ofthe casing 18. The shaft 16 is rotated b means of a controlling member30 (see 1) which is located in proximity to the river, and which ispreferably provided with an indicating part 31, which also acts as athumb piece, and which when rotated, Works over an indicating device 3281sec Fig. 2) which indicatesthe richness of t e mixture. When thecontrolling device 30 is rotated it rotates the shaft 15 and through themembers 15, 14,13, and the shaft 12 moves the valve 11 to close the pipe8 which conducts air to the carburetor. The valve 11 is preferably ofspring metal so that when a current of air of sufl1cient force engagesit it will open the amount desired. The rotation of theshaft 16 alsorotates the tooth part 17 and lifts the rack and reciprocating device20, moving it to the other end of the casing 18. When the controllingdevice 30 is released the valve 11 is gradually opened independent ofthe driver or operator. Any suitable means to secure this result may beused.

The viscosity of the fluid is changed in the proper ratio to thetemperature, the engine or climatic temperature determining the rate ofreturn, the colder the weather the longer it will be necessary to run onan enriched mixture and vice versa.

In the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 8 the casing 18 is provided witha suitable fluid or liquid, such for example, as oil of sufiicientviscosity to delay the return of the part 20, and hence the opening ofthe valve 11 the desired amount. When the reciprocating part 20 is movedupwardly toward the opposite end in which it is shown in Fig. 4, thevalve 21 is opened so as to let the liquid pass below the reciprocatingpart through the opening 33 (see Fig. 4), the valve 22 being closed bythis liquid which enters the valve chamber through the opening 34. Whenthe controlling device 30 is released, the spring 29 moves thereciprocating device 20 back to its initialposition.

The oil is slowly by-passed around the check valves through a small hole20, the speed being controlled by the viscosity of the fluid and thesize of this hole. If the operator desires to return the valve 11 tonormal position manually, this can be done by operating the controllingdevice 30 in the reverse direction, the additional pressure producedthereby opening check valve 22. The valve 22 is opened by the pressureof the liquid so as to let it pass through the opening 34 to the otherside of said valve. and the valve 21 is closed by the pressure of theliquid during this movement.

We prefer to have the openings 23 and 33 larger than the openings 34 and25, so that the reciprocating part 20 can be moved upwardly rapidly andwill be moved downwardly at a much slower rate. The parts, of-

course, will be regulated to as to get the desired slowness of thedownward movement to open the valve 11 at the desired time.

In the construction shown in Figs. 4, 7, and 7, the valves 21 and 22 areconnected with a part 20 which is removably attached to thereciprocating part 20 and which forms the piston in the cylinder. Thepart 20 is shown separate from the part 20 in Fig. 7. We prefer to havean automatic device for quickly moving the parts 20 and 20 when theengine cylinders are hot and it is not necessary to have the richmixture. We have shown one construction for this purpose in Figs. 4, 7,and 7 consisting of a device for automatically opening a passagewaythrough the piston 20 which shall be larger than the opening 20*, In theconstruction shown this is accomplished by means of a thermostaticmember 20 which is looped over the member 20 and fastened at one end bythe fastening device 20 This thermostatic member has a projecting part20 which engages the end of a lever 20 pivoted at 20 The lever 2O isconnected to the lever 20 which is pivoted at 20 and which has a part 20which bears against the valve 21. When the cylinders of the enginebecome heated the oil in the cylinder 18 is heated and this heated oilcauses the thermostatic member 20 to move the levers 20 and 20 so as toopen valve 21. This permits free movement of oil through the piston andcauses the piston to descend quic (1y under the pressure of the spring29. When the engine is cold the oil in the cylinder 18 will be cold andthe thermostatic device will be moved so that the spring 27 will causethe valve 21 to be closed.

WVe have shown in Fig. 1 a priming device for priming the enginecylinders when startmg.

We have illustrated the vacuum tank 36 which is connected by the pipe 37with the source of fuel supply and by the pipe 38 with the carburetor 6,and by the pipe 39 with the manifold so that the vacuum can be producedby g the suction of the cylinders."We PIOVlde a priming pipe 40 .whichleads to the engine cylinders, and which is connected to the pump 41 inproximity to the driver, said pump being actuated by the handle 42. Thispump is connected by pipe 43 with the fuel supply in the .tank 36, theconnection -being made to the pipe 38 as shown. By actuating the pump apriming charge is inserted in the engine cylinders at the starting.

In Figs. 9 and 10 we have shown a modifled construction wherein thecontrolling device for the valve 11 reciprocates instead of rotates.This controlling part 44 is directly connected with the reciprocatingdevice 45 in the casing 46, so as to directly move the reciprocatingdevice against the pressure of the spring 47. Connected with thecontrolling part 44 is a controlling part which is connected by a link51 and a lever 52 with the shaft 12 of the valve 11 in the pipe 8. Itwill be seen that by this construction the valve is opened and thereciprocating part 45 in the casing 46 are simultaneously moved by areciprocating motion. We prefer to provide the valve 11, in allinstances, with a spring 53 which is compressed when the valve is closedand which also acts togive the valve elasticity and to'permit itsmovement independent of the reciprocating parts 20 and 45, raduallyreducing the tension on the valve 11. The part 13 is loosely mounted onshaft 12 and has a p-roiection which is fastened to pin surrounded withspring 53. The valve 11 is rigidly connected with the shaft 12, andthere is a projection on the shaft connected therewith which has anopening through which pin of spring 53 passes- The spring' 53 engagesthis projection. It will be seen that when the parts are actuated tomove lever 13 upwardly (see Fig. 5) this pin will be moved downwardly tocompress spring 53 between its head and the part connected with thevalve, and this will cause the valve to move to its closed position, asshown in dotted lines. It will, therefore, be seen that this valve 11 iselastically connected both with the means for closing the valve and themeans for opening the valve.

In Figs. 9 and 10 we have also shown a construction wherein a liquid,such as oil, is used in the casing 46. I

In Fig. 11 we have shown a construction where air is used to'delay theopening of the valve 11. In this construction the casing 54 has thereciprocating device 55 which is connected to the controlling part 44.The con trolling part is returned to its initial position by the spring56. This controlling part is shown here as a piston with flexiblepacking rings 57. The end of the casing 54 is provided with the openings58 and 59 which lead to the valve chambers 60 and 61, which have at thelower end the openings 62, 63. Within the valve'chambers are the valves64 and 65 normally pressed on their seats by the springs 66, 67. Whenthe reciprocating part 55 is moved upwardly by the control mg part 44,the valve .65 isclosed by the pressure ofthe air and the valve 64 openedso that air enters the casing 54 to permit this movement. When thereciprocating device is'returned by-the spring 56, the valve 64 isclosed and the valve 65 o en ed to let the air out of the casing; They-pass arrangement is similar to that shown in Fig. 7. The valves 64 and65 and the openings to the valve chambers may be adjusted to secure aquick upward movement of the reciprocating part 55, and a properlydelayed downward movement which causes the valve 11 to be opened afterthe proper interval.

We claim:

1. An internal combustion en ine comprising cylinders, pistons in said 0inders, a carburetor connected with said cy inders, a communicationbetween said carburetor and asource of fuel supply, an air inlet forsaidcarburetor, a valve for controllingsaid air inlet, hand operated meansfor closing said valve and means capable of acting independent oftemperature changes independent of the operator for o ening said valve,said valve being elastical y connected with both of said means.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, pistons in saidcylinders, a carburetor connected with said cylinders, a communicationbetween said carburetor and a source of fuel supply, an air inlet forsaid carburetor, a valve for controlling said air inlet, hand operatedmeans for closing said valve and means independent of the operator foropening said valve, said means capable of acting independent oftemperature changes comprising a casing, a reciprocating part in saidcasing operatively connected with said valve so as to close it whenmoving in one direction, and means for automatically moving thereciprocating device in the other direction, two oppositelyacting-valves, one adapted to be actuated'by said reciprocating partwhen it is moved in one direction, and the other-adapted to be actuatedby said reciproca'ting part when it is moved in the other direction.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising cylinders, pistons in saidcylinders, a carburetor connected with said cylinders, a communicationbetween said carburetor and a source of fuel supply, an air inlet forsaid carburetor. a valve for controlling said air inlet, hand operatedmeans for closing said valve and means independent of the opera tor foropening said valve, said means capable of acting independent oftemperature changes comprising a casing, a reciprocatin part insaidcasing operatively connected wit said valve so as to close it whenmoving in a carburetor connected with said cylinders, a

communication between said carburetor and a source of fuel supply, anair inlet for said carburetor, a valve for controlling said air inlet,hand operated means for closing said valve and means independent of theoperator for opening said valve, said means comprising a casing, apiston therein, means for permitting the piston to move rapidly in onedirection comprising a large valve controlled opening with a movablevalve associated therewith, an elastic device for pressing said valvetowards its closed position and a thermostatic device for moving saidvalve towards its open position when the temperature tin the casingreaches a predetermined poin 5. An internal combustion engine comprisingcylinders, pistons in said cylinders, a carburetor connected with saidcylinders, a communication between said carburetor and a source of fuelsupply, an air inlet for said carburetor, a valve for controlling saidair inlet, hand operated means for closing said valve and means capableof acting independent of temperature changes independent of the operatorfor opening said valve, and means independent of the suction of thecylinders for injecting an initial charge of fuel supply into saidcylinders.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 4th day of June, 1925.

PETER J. J ORGENSEN.

Signed at Chicago, Illinois, this 4th day of June, 1925.

CLARENCE H. J ORGENSEN.

